The influence of microalloying and heat treatment on the structure and properties of Galfenol with high gallium concentration

V.V. Palacheva, V.V. Cheverikin, E.N. Zanaeva, F. Emeis, V.V. Korovushkin, H. Wang, C. Jiang, I.S. Golovin show affiliations and emails
Received 30 September 2018; Accepted 19 November 2018;
This paper is written in Russian
Citation: V.V. Palacheva, V.V. Cheverikin, E.N. Zanaeva, F. Emeis, V.V. Korovushkin, H. Wang, C. Jiang, I.S. Golovin. The influence of microalloying and heat treatment on the structure and properties of Galfenol with high gallium concentration. Lett. Mater., 2019, 9(1) 51-57
BibTex   https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2019-1-51-57

Abstract

An isothermal annealing of the as cast Fe-27Ga alloy formed a microstructure with a different ratio of metastable bcc and equilibrium fcc phases having different magnetic structures and properties. The possibility of stabilizing the metastable D03 phase due to microalloying of Tb is shown. The hypothesis explaining this effect through the competition between nucleation and growth of L12 phase and phase Fe44Ga47Tb9 along the boundaries of dendrites and grains of D03 phases is substantiated.The structure of soft-magnetic and magnetostrictive alloys of the Galfenol type Fe-(27-28) at.% Ga after various heat treatment regimes has been studied. The features of formation of both metastable and equilibrium ordered phases in alloys based on Fe-Ga and Fe-Ga-rare-earth elements have been examined. Alloys of these systems belong to the class of highly magnetostrictive materials (up to 400 ppm for monocrystals) used in electromagnetic drives and special sensors. Two-phase alloys with a nonequilibrium phase based on the bcc lattice (D03 structure) and the equilibrium phase based on the fcc lattice (L12 structure) are investigated. Isothermal annealing of the Fe3Ga alloy at 400°C was used to obtain a microstructure that allows analysis of the kinetics of phase transformations under well-controlled conditions. It is established that isothermal annealing entails the formation of a microstructure with a certain ratio of metastable bcc and equilibrium fcc phases having different magnetic properties. The kinetics and mechanisms of phase transformations in binary Fe-Ga alloys and in multicomponent Fe-Ga-Tb alloys are systematically studied using a complex of methods of physical material science (X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with EBSD analysis (SEM-EBSD), optical microscopy (LM), vibration magnetometer (VSM), mo¨ssbauer spectroscopy. The influence of microalloying of the alloys with terbium on structure and functional characteristics is discussed. The role of Tb in the stabilization of nonequilibrium phases at room temperature is shown. The influence of small additions (0.5 at.%) of Tb on the changes in the structure Fe-Ga alloys was studied by mössbauer spectroscopy.

References (25)

1. A. E. Clark, J. B. Restorff, M. Wun-Fogle, T. A. Lograsso, D. L. Schlagel. IEEE Trans Magn. 36 (5), 3238 (2000).
2. A. E. Clark, M. Wun-Fogle, J. B. Restorff, T. A. Lograsso, J. R. Cullen. IEEE Trans Magn. 37 (4), 2678 (2001).
3. G. W. Smith, J. R. Birchak. J Appl. Phys. 39 (5), 2311-5 (1968).
4. Q. Z. Chen, A. H. W. Ngan, B. J. Duggan. Journal of Materials Science. 33, 5405 (1998).
5. I. V. Gervasyeva, V. A. Milyutin. Letters on Materials. 8 (3) 341 (2018). Crossref
6. A. E. Clark, K. B. Hathaway, M. Wun-Fogle, J. B. Restorff, T. A. Lograsso, T. A. Keppens et al. J Appl Phys. 93 (10), 8621 (2003).
7. E. M. Summes, T. A. Lograsso, M. Wun-Fogle. Journal of Materials Science. , 42, 9582 (2007).
8. W. Wu, J. Liu, C. Jiang. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 622, 379 (2015).
9. Z. Yao, X. Tian, L. Jiang et al. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 637, 431 (2015).
10. T. Ma, S. Hu, G. Bai. Applied Physics Letters. 10, 112401 (2015).
11. X. Ren. Phys. Status Solidi B. 251 (10) 1982 (2014).
12. A. Emdadi, V. V. Palacheva, V. V. Cheverikin, S. Divinski, G. Wilde, I. S. Golovin. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 758, 214 (2018).
13. A. Emdadi, V. V. Palacheva, А. M. Balagurov, I. A. Bobrikov, V. V. Cheverikin, J. Cifre, I. S. Golovin. Intermetallics. 93, 55 (2018).
14. I. S. Golovin, A. M. Balagurov, V. V. Palacheva, A. Emdadi, I. A. Bobrikov, V. V. Cheverikin, A. S. Prosviryakov, S. Jalilzadeh. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 751 364 (2018).
15. O. Kubaschewski. Iron-binary phase diagrams. Berlin, Springer Verlag (1982) 182 p. Crossref
16. Y. Han, H. Wang, T. Zhang, Y. He, C. Jiang. Scripta Materialia. 150, 101 (2018).
17. Y. He, C. Jiang, W. Wu, B. Wang, H. Duan, H. Wang, T. Zhang, J. Wang, J. Liu, Z. Zhang, P. Stamenov, J. M. D. Coey, H. Xu. Acta Materialia. 109, 177 (2016).
18. C. Menga, Y. Wua, C. Jiang. Materials & Design. 130 183 (2017).
19. I. S. Golovin, А. M. Balagurov, V. V. Palacheva, A. Emdadi, I. A. Bobrikov, A. Yu Churyumov, V. V. Cheverikin, A. V. Pozdniakov, A. V. Mikhaylovskaya, S. A. Golovin. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 707, 51 (2017).
20. I. S. Golovin, А. M. Balagurov, V. V. Palacheva, I. A. Bobrikov, V. B Zlokazov. Materials and Design. 98, 113 (2016).
21. I. S. Golovin, А. M. Balagurov, I. A. Bobrikov, V. V. Palacheva, J. Cifre. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 675, 393 (2016).
22. I. S. Golovin, V. V. Palacheva, A. I. Bazlov, J. Cifre, J. Pons. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 644, 959 (2015).
23. I. S. Golovin, V. V. Palacheva, A. I. Bazlov, J. Cifre, N. Nollmann, S. V. Divinski, G. Wilde. Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 656, 897 (2016).
24. V. V. Palacheva, A. Emdadi, F. Emeis, I. A. Bobrikov, A. M. Balagurov, S. V. Divinski, G. Wilde, I. S. Golovin. Acta Materialia. 130, 229 (2017).
25. F. Gao, C. Jiang, J. Liu, and H. Xu. J. Appl. Phys. 100, 123916 (2006).

Cited by (1)

1.
T. Jin, H. Wang, Igor S. Golovin, C. Jiang. Intermetallics. 115, 106628 (2019). Crossref

Similar papers