Peculiarities of using dumbbell specimens made of elastomeric materials subject to finite deformation in complex loading tests

V.V. Shadrin, A.L. Svistkov, K.A. Mokhireva ORCID logo , O.K. Garishin show affiliations and emails
Received 30 September 2022; Accepted 05 December 2022;
Citation: V.V. Shadrin, A.L. Svistkov, K.A. Mokhireva, O.K. Garishin. Peculiarities of using dumbbell specimens made of elastomeric materials subject to finite deformation in complex loading tests. Lett. Mater., 2023, 13(1) 56-61
BibTex   https://doi.org/10.22226/2410-3535-2023-1-56-61

Abstract

Even in simple experiments on uniaxial tension of filled elastomeric materials, an inhomogeneous strain field is observed in a standard dumbbell-shaped sample, not to mention experiments with complex loading history. The way out of this situation is to use samples of a different shape, for example, ring-shaped, rather than dumbbell-shaped samples.The features of experiments with dumbbell specimens performed to determine the mechanical properties of filled elastomers are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on testing materials that experience a complex loading history. Experiments such as cyclic loading with increasing amplitude of deformations and with nested stress / strain cycles are considered. It has been established that the rate of change of the stretch ratio in the central part (gauge section) of the specimen significantly differs from that calculated from the analysis of the positions of the grips. This difference manifests itself more prominently in the experiments with complex loading algorithms. The reason is that the viscoelastic properties and the Mullins effect of the filled elastomer are different in the central part of the specimen and at its ends near the grips. The presence of inhomogeneous deformation in the gauge section leads to additional difficulties associated with finding constants for constitutive equations. Besides, this phenomenon complicates a comparison of the mechanical properties of different materials, because detailed information on their behavior can be obtained in complex experiments only. So, experiments with straight specimens or rings with a rectangular cross-section offer more possibilities for studying the mechanical properties of filled elastomers than the experiments with dumbbell specimens.

References (12)

1. U. Blobner, B. Richter. Expert knowledge test procedures of elastomer components - Tensile test, O-Ring Prüflabor Richter, Germany (2014) 28 p. https://www.o-ring-prueflabor.de/files/expert_knowledge_-_tensile_test_10_2014_.pdf.
2. R. P. Brown. Physical Testing of Rubber. 4th ed. New York, Springer-Verlag US (2006) 388 p. Crossref
3. F. S. Conant. In: Rubber Technology. 2nd ed. (ed. by M. Morton). Dordrecht, Springer (1999) p. 5 - 134. Crossref
4. S. Oman, M. Nagode. Mater. Des. 60, 451 (2014). Crossref
5. K. A. Mokhireva, A. L. Svistkov. Int. J. Solids Struct. 202, 816 (2020). Crossref
6. L. Mullins. Rubber Chem. Technol. 42 (1), 339 (1969). Crossref
7. S. Cantournet, R. Desmorat, J. Besson. Int. J. Solids Struct. 46 (11 -12), 2255 (2009). Crossref
8. J. Diani, M. Brieu, P. Gilormini. Int. J. Solids Struct. 43 (10), 3044 (2006). Crossref
9. S. Wang, S. A. Chester. Int. J. Solids Struct. 136 -137, 125 (2018). Crossref
10. A. K. Sokolov, A. L. Svistkov, V. V. Shadrin, V. N. Terpugov. Int. J. Non. Linear Mech. 104, 67 (2018). Crossref
11. S. R. Rickaby, N. H. Scott. Int. J. Solids Struct. 50 (1), 111 (2013). Crossref
12. C. Netzker, D. Husnu, M. Kaliske. Int. J. Solids Struct. 47 (18 -19), 2371 (2010). Crossref

Funding

1. RFBR and Perm Territory - 20-48-596013